Real Space Theory for Electron and Phonon Transport in Aperiodic Lattices via Renormalization

摘要

Structural defects are inherent in solids at a finite temperature, because they diminish free energies by growing entropy. The arrangement of these defects may display long-range orders, as occurring in quasicrystals, whose hidden structural symmetry could greatly modify the transport of excitations. Moreover, the presence of such defects breaks the translational symmetry and collapses the reciprocal lattice, which has been a standard technique in solid-state physics. An alternative to address such a structural disorder is the real space theory. Nonetheless, solving 1023 coupled Schrodinger equations requires unavailable yottabytes (YB) of memory just for recording the atomic positions. In contrast, the real-space renormalization method (RSRM) uses an iterative procedure with a small number of effective sites in each step, and exponentially lessens the degrees of freedom, but keeps their participation in the final results. In this article, we review aperiodic atomic arrangements with hierarchical symmetry investigated by means of RSRM, as well as their consequences in measurable physical properties, such as electrical and thermal conductivities.