Solvent effectiveness factor: A new correlation to study the influence of solvent, temperature, and stirring rate on synthesis yield of Ionic Liquids

摘要

The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of solvent, temperature, and stirring on synthesis yield of Ionic Liquids (ILs). A representative Ionic Liquid [BMIM][BF4] is prepared using seven different solvents and their influence on percentage yield is explained using a new correlation; solvent effectiveness factor (SEF). The SEF of solvent is governed by nature of solvent, operating temperature and stirring rate. Acetone has the highest SEF 1.275 and affords maximum IL yield 88.11% while toluene has the least SEF 0.674 and produces minimum IL 63.21%. When synthesis temperature is increased from 50 to 80 degrees C, synthesis yield is substantially increased from 76.7 to 93.08% because rise in temperature increases the SEF from 1.234 to 1.333, mainly due to the decrease in solvent viscosity. Similarly, when stirring rate is increased from 80 to 200 RPM, IL yield slightly increased from 87.37 to 91.35% due to addition of mechanical energy in the reaction mixture which in turn reduced solvent viscosity and increased SEF from 1.278 to 1.297. (C) 2019 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.