Survival of Rice Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola Golden & Birchfield During Jadi Season Under North Indian Conditions

摘要

Rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola has emerged as a major biotic stress in enhancing rice productivity internationally. In India, M. graminicola which was earlier prevalent in traditional rice growing states of West Bengal, Odisha, Assam, Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu; has also spread to newer areas of Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir in the recent years where predominantly rice-wheat rotation is followed (Jain et al., 2012; Pankaj et ah, 2010). M. graminicola is reported to cause 17-30% yield loss due to poorly filled kernels (MacGowan & Langdon, 1989). It is a serious problem in the nurseries and upland rice but has been found to be widespread in the deepwater and irrigated rice also in many states of India (Bridge & Page, 1982; Prasad et al., 1985; Jairajpuri & Baqri, 1991).