The impact of diet on the microbiome, health and the brain:A short introduction into how microbiology and nutrition is going to change human healthcare and animal husbandry

摘要

The microbiome of any living organism catalyzes biochemical reactions influencing the bioavailability and metabolism of bioactive molecules like nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, feed and/ or food additives. Consumption of food and these (bioactive) components changes the microbiome in that the growth of certain microbial species will be (dis) favored. As a consequence the biochemical processes in the gastro-intestinal tract change and metabolites that are produced pass through the intestinal barrier.The gastro-intestinal microbiome interacts with the immune system and it also produces a substantial amount of neurotransmitters, fatty acids and vitamins that are used by the host. These changes have its effect on health, wellness, growth, cognition and the brain in humans and animals. The new regulation on Novel Foods brings significant improvements to the authorization procedure of novel foods. These improvements facilitate a faster market access for products and ingredients to prevent or treat individual medical conditions by modulating the human microbiome.