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The impact of the 2009/2010 drought on vegetation growth and terrestrial carbon balance in Southwest China

机译:2009/2010干旱对中国西南部植被生长和陆地碳平衡的影响

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The 2009/2010 drought in Southwest China was a “once in a century drought” event. This drought event had strong adverse impacts, such as water scarcity, crop failure, and economic loss, on ecosystems and the human society. Explicit representations of this drought event and associated changes in vegetation dynamics and carbon cycle, however, are still largely missed in literature. Here we used the standardized anomaly of 3-month Standard Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to characterizethis 2009/2010 drought event, including its onset and end months, duration and severity. We examined the drought impacts on vegetation greenness using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI); and assessed the terrestrial carbon flux responses to drought using data from satellite-based datasets, atmospheric inversion, one data-based model, and three ecosystem models. Our analysis showed that this “autumn-winter-spring” drought mostly suppressed vegetation growth in Yunnan, North Guangxi, Guizhou and East Sichuan. In comparisons to the same months of the reference period (2000-2015), the drought caused a large reduction in carbon uptake (4.4 ± 5 gCm~(-2)month~(-1)) from the decrease in gross primary production(GPP, 5.7 ± 9.5 gCm~(-2)month~(-1)), although ecosystem respiration (TER) also decreased by a smaller extent (1.3 ± 5.1 gCm~(-2)month~(-1)), Nonetheless, more than 65% of the drought-impacted area recovered in both vegetation greenness and productivity within 3 months, while about 10% of the drought-affected area failed to recover even after 6 months post the drought event. Across different vegetation types, forests and shrubs had stronger capability of drought resistance and shorter post-drought recovery time than crops and grasses. Model comparison reveals that while data from different sources generally agreed on the sign of vegetation greenness and carbon flux responses to drought, they differ significantly in the extent of such responses.
机译:2009/2010在中国西南部的干旱是“曾经在一个世纪的干旱中”活动。这种干旱事件产生强烈的不利影响,如水资源稀缺,作物失败和经济损失,生态系统和人类社会。然而,这种干旱事件的明确表示和植被动态和碳循环的相关变化仍然很大程度上都错过了文学中。在这里,我们使用了3个月标准降水蒸发散列指数(SPEI)的标准化异常,以表达2009/2010干旱事件,包括其发病和结束月,持续时间和严重程度。我们研究了使用归一化差异植被指数(NDVI)和增强植被指数(EVI)对植被绿色的干旱影响;并评估使用来自基于卫星的数据集,大气反转,一个基于数据的模型和三个生态系统模型的数据对干旱的陆地碳通量响应。我们的分析表明,这种“秋冬春季”干旱主要抑制云南,北广西,贵州和东四川省的植被增长。在比较同期的参考期(2000-2015)中,干旱导致碳吸收的大幅减少(4.4±5 GCM〜(-2)个月〜(-1))从初级生产的减少( GPP,5.7±9.5 gcm〜(-2)个月〜(-1)),但生态系统呼吸(TER)也减少了较小程度(1.3±5.1 gcm〜(-2)个月〜( - 1)) ,超过65%的干旱撞击区域在3个月内植被绿色和生产率恢复,而大约10%的干旱受影响的地区也未能在干旱事件后6个月后收回。在不同的植被类型,森林和灌木具有比作物和草的干旱抵抗力和干旱后越短的能力更强。模型比较揭示了来自来自不同来源的数据普遍同意植被绿色和碳通量对干旱的响应的迹象,而在这种反应的程度上有显着差异。

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