Laparoscopic Ileocecal Resection versus Infliximab for Terminal Ileitis in Crohn's Disease: a Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label, Multicentre Trial Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;2:785-92

摘要

Background: Patients with ileocaecal Crohn's disease who have not responded to conventional therapy are commonly treated with biological agents, but surgery can also offer excellent short-term and long-term results. We compared laparoscopic ileocaecal resection with inflixi-mab to assess how they affect health-related quality of life. Methods: In this randomised, controlled, open-label trial, adults with non-stricturing, ileocaecal Crohn's disease, in whom conventional therapy has failed were randomly allocated (1:1) from 29 teaching hospitals and tertiary care centres in the Netherlands and the UK, by an internet randomisation module with biased-coin minimisation for participating centres and perianal fistula to receive laparoscopic ileocaecal resection or infliximab. Eligible patients were aged 18-80 years, had active Crohn's disease of the terminal ileum, and had not responded to at least 3 months of conventional therapy with glucocorticosteroids, thiopuri-nes, or methotrexate. Patients with diseased terminal ileum longer than 40 cm or abdominal abscesses were excluded. The primary outcome was quality of life on the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) at 12 months. Secondaiy outcomes were general quality of life, measured by the Short Form-36 (SF-36) health survey and its physical and mental component subscales, days unable to participate in social life, days on sick leave, morbidity (additional procedures and hospital admissions), and body image and cos-mesis. Analyses of the primary outcome were done in the intention-to-treat population, and safety analyses were done in the per-protocol population. This trial is registered at the Dutch Trial Registry (NTR1150). Findings: Between May 2, 2008 and October 14, 2015, 73 patients were allocated to have resection and 70 to receive infliximab. Corrected for baseline differences, the mean IBDQ score at 12 months was 178.1 (95% confidence interval, CI: [171.1-185.0]) in the resection group versus 172.0 (164.3-179.6) in the infliximab group (mean difference: 6.1 points; 95% CI: [-4.2 to 16.4]; P = 0.25). At 12 months, the mean SF-36 total score was 112.1 (95% CI: [108.0-116.2]) in the resection group versus 106.5 (102.1-110.9) in the infliximab group (mean difference: 5.6; 95% CI: [-0.4 to 11.6]), the mean physical component score was 47.7 (45.7-49.7) versus 44.6 (42.5-46.8; mean difference: 3.1, 4.2 to 6.0), and the mean mental component score was 49.5 (47.0-52.1) versus 46.1 (43.3-48.9; mean difference 3.5, -0.3 to 7.3). Mean numbers of days of sick leave were 3.4 days (standard deviation, SD: 7.1) in the resection group versus 1.4 day (4.7) in the infliximab group (P< 0.0001), days not able to take part in social life were 1.8 day (6.3) versus 1.1 day (4.5; P = 0.20), days of scheduled hospital admission were 6.5 days (3.8) versus 6.8 days (3.2; P — 0.84), and the number of patients who had unscheduled hospital admissions were 13 (18%) of 73 versus 15 (21%) of 70 (P = 0.68). Body image scale mean scores in the patients who had resection were 16.0; (95% CI: [15.2-16.8]) at baseline versus 17.8 (17.1-184) at 12 months, and cosmetic scale mean scores were 17.6 (16.6-18.6) versus 18.6 (17.6-19.6). Surgical intervention-related complications classified as Ilia or worse on the Clavien-Dindo scale occurred in four patients in the resection group. Treatment-related serious adverse events occurred in two patients in the infliximab group. During a median follow-up of 4 years (interquartile range, IQR: 2-6), 26 (37%) of 70 patients in the infliximab group had resection and 19 (26%) of 73 patients in the resection group received anti-TNF. Interpretation: Laparoscopic resection in patients with limited (diseased terminal ileum < 40 cm), non-stricturing, ileocaecal Crohn's disease in whom conventional therapy has failed could be considered a reasonable alternative to infliximab therapy.