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On the Meaning and Origins of Lignin Recalcitrance: A?Critical Analysis of the Catalytic Upgrading of Lignins Obtained from Mechanocatalytic Biorefining and Organosolv Pulping

机译：关于木质素顽固的含义和起源：a？对机械催化生物化和有机溶胶制浆中的木质素催化升级的关键分析

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Abstract > In the broad context of catalysis for lignin valorization, the term “recalcitrance” is often used to describe the resistance of lignin to undergo chemical transformations (generally, reductive processes) rendering small molecules soluble in the reaction medium. Unfortunately, the current usage of the term “recalcitrance” often remains vague in meaning, hindering the search for better catalysts for lignin valorization. In the quest to address the research question—What is lignin recalcitrance?—we present our search for the factors responsible for the resistance of lignin to reductive catalytic processes, from various perspectives. In this study, lignins isolated as a precipitate obtained from the saccharification of water‐soluble lignocelluloses (produced by solvent‐free mechanocatalytic depolymerization of beechwood, pinewood, or sugarcane bagasse) and their counterparts isolated by solvent extraction (organosolv pulping) are investigated. The critical analysis of structure and bonding, in addition to the in‐depth understanding of results from the catalytic upgrading of lignin streams, in the presence of Raney Ni and H <sub>2</sub> pressure under mild and extreme conditions, reveals that the simple evaluation of the total yield of liquid products provides no quantitative measure of the lignin recalcitrance. Our results shed light on the real meaning, origins and implications of “lignin recalcitrance” for catalysis research. The results demonstrate that lignin recalcitrance is associated not only with its intrinsic properties (i.e. molecular weight, the occurrence of native linkages, and their bond dissociation enthalpies) but also with its extrinsic properties (e.g. residual polysaccharides and solubility). Overall, this study presents a detailed evaluation of recalcitrance of lignin through the critical analysis of the product mixture properties (e.g. H/C and O/C ratios, molecular weight distribution, yield of key individual products, and several others). </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：Lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> > 在Lignin Valorization的催化作用的广泛背景下，术语“重核”通常用于描述木质素的抗性经历化学转化（通常，还原过程），使得在反应介质中可溶于溶解的小分子。遗憾的是，目前的使用术语“重新分布”通常含糊不清，妨碍了对木质素储存的更好催化剂的搜索。在寻求解决研究问题 - 木质素重新计算是什么？ - 从各种观点展示了我们寻求负责木质素抗性的因素，从各种观点来看。在本研究中，研究了从水溶性木质纤维素的糖化（通过烟草木材，松木，或甘蔗糖甘油蛋白）和由溶剂萃取分离的溶剂 - 无溶剂机械催化解聚的沉淀（由无溶剂的机械催化剂制备）获得的沉淀物中的血红素。结构和粘合的临界分析，除了对催化升级的催化升级的催化升级的催化升级，在Raney Ni和H的情况下 <sub> 2 </ sub> 温和和极端条件下的压力揭示了对液体产物总产量的简单评价不提供木质素重核的定量测量。我们的结果阐明了“木质素重新分析”对催化研究的真正意义，起源和影响。结果表明，木质素顽抗不仅与其固有特性（即分子量，天然联系的发生及其粘合解离焓）相关联，而且还与其外本性质（例如残留多糖和溶解度）相关联。总体而言，本研究通过对产物混合物特性的危重分析（例如，H / C和O / C比，分子量分布，关键个体产品的产量以及其他几种）进行详细评估木质素的批量分析。 </ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-16041/'>《ChemCatChem》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2017年第14期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共10页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/1186.html" title="物理化学（理论化学）、化学物理学">物理化学（理论化学）、化学物理学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=biomass conversion&option=203" rel="nofollow">biomass conversion;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=heterogeneous catalysis&option=203" rel="nofollow">heterogeneous catalysis;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=hydrodeoxygenation&option=203" rel="nofollow">hydrodeoxygenation;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=lignin&option=203" rel="nofollow">lignin;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Raney Ni&option=203" rel="nofollow">Raney Ni;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：生物质转化;异质催化;加氢脱氧;木质素;阮尼; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704022059983.html">On the Meaning and Origins of Lignin Recalcitrance: A?Critical Analysis of the Catalytic Upgrading of Lignins Obtained from Mechanocatalytic Biorefining and Organosolv Pulping</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> </a> <a href="/journal-foreign-16041/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor">ChemCatChem .</a> <span>2017</span><span>,第14期</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：关于木质素顽固的含义和起源：a？对机械催化生物化和有机溶胶制浆中的木质素催化升级的关键分析</span> </p> </li> <li> <div> <b>2. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-foreign_polymer-degradation-stability_thesis/020419426302.html">Impact of catalytic oil palm fronds (OPF) pulping on organosolv lignin properties</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=M. 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