Scaffolds of bioactive glass-ceramic (Biosilicate ®) and bone healing: A biological evaluation in an experimental model of tibial bone defect in rats

摘要

This study aimed to investigate the?in vivo?tissue response of the Biosilicate??scaffolds in a model of tibial bone defect. Sixty male Wistar rats were distributed into?bone defect control group (CG) and Biosilicate??scaffold group (BG).? Animals were euthanized 15, 30 and 45 days post-surgery. Stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, histopathological, immunohistochemistry and biomechanical analysis were used.?Scaffolds had a total porosity of 44%, macroporosity of 15% with pore diameter of 230?μm. Higher amount of newly formed bone was observed on days 30 and 45 in BG. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the COX-2 expression was significantly higher on days 15 and 30 in BG compared with the CG. RUNX-2 immunoexpression was significantly higher in BG on days 15 and 45. No statistically significant difference was observed in RANKL immunoexpression in all experimental groups. BMP-9 immunoexpression was significantly upregulated in the BG on day 45. Biomechanical analysis showed a decrease in the biomechanical properties of the bone callus on days 30 and 45. The implantation of the Biosilicate??scaffolds was effective in stimulating newly bone formation and produced an increased immunoexpression of markers related to the bone repair.