BIOMETRICAL INDICATORS OF FRESH FRUITS OF BULGARIAN AND INTRODUCED PLUM CULTIVARS OF PRUNUS DOMESTICA L.

摘要

The study was conducted in the period of2014 - 2015 in the collection plantation at the Experimental Station of Dryanovo, Bulgaria. The object of study was fresh fruits of Bulgarian plum cultivars - 'Gabrovska', 'Gulyaeva', 'Strinava', 'Balvanska slava' and the introduced cultivars - 'Opal', 'Ontario', 'Hramova renkloda', 'Althan's Gage', 'Cacanska lepotica'. 'Stanley' was used as a standart cultivar. The following indicators were observed: fruit weight (g), stone weight (g), stone percentage in relation to fruit weight; fruit size - fruit lenght, fruit width and fruit thickness (mm); arithmetic mean diameter (mm); geometric mean diameter (mm); surface area (cm2); dry matter content (%). 'Balvanska slava' had the highest fruit weight - 37.24 g and 'Opal' had the lowest - 20.54 g 'Opal' had the lowest percentage of fruit stone in relation to fruit weight - 2.82%, and the highest value was for ,Stanley' cultivar - 4.91%. Fruit height was from 33.26 mm for 'Opal' to 47.80 mm for 'Balvanska slava'. Thelargest width was found in 'Althan's Gage' fruits - 41.02 mm, and the smallest width for 'Opal' - 30.40 mm. The fruit thickness was the largest again for 'Althan's Gage' - 40.80 mm and the smallest thickness was for 'Opal' - 30.46 mm. It was found thatdry matter content was the highest for , Gulyaeva' cultivar - 21.94%, followed by ' Strinava' cultivar '-21.40%. The results show that the Bulgarian cultivars have very good fruitcharacteristics indicators, which are close to the popular introduced plumcultivars.