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Effects of rice husk and rice husk biochar on root rot disease of ginseng (Panax ginseng) and on soil organisms

机译:稻壳和稻壳生物炭对人参(Panax人参)根腐病的影响及土壤生物

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摘要

This study investigated the effects of rice husk and rice husk biochar on root rot (caused by Cylindrocarpon destructans and Fusarium solani) of ginseng (Panax ginseng) and on soil organisms. The effects were compared between paddy-converted and upland soils characterised by high and low nutrient content, respectively. The prevalence of root rot disease in the upland soil decreased in plots treated with rice husk at 5.2 Mg ha(-1) compared to the untreated control. Small differences in soil chemical properties between different treatments suggested the role of biotic factors in the suppression of the disease. In both soils, the lowest hyphal growth of Fusarium solani was observed in soil collected from plots treated with rice husk at 5.2 Mg ha(-1). The results suggested that the low incidence of root rot disease was due to the suppressive effect of soil on pathogenic fungi in the treated upland soil. Principal component analysis of phospholipid fatty acid results suggested that changes in microbial community structure contributed to soil suppressiveness in the paddy-converted soil. The highest density of fungivorous nematodes was observed with rice husk at 5.2 Mg ha(-1) in the paddy-converted soil, and Aphelenchus sp. collected from the plots were successfully cultured on F. solani and C. destructans. This observation showed that the fungivorous nematodes have potential to suppress pathogenic fungi by feeding on them. It was shown that rice husk can be used in control of root rot disease while promoting the growth of beneficial organisms suppressing pathogenic fungi and that the effect may differ by soil type.
机译:本研究调查了稻壳和稻壳生物炭对人参(Panax人参的Cylindrocarpon Destruceans and Fusarium solani)和土壤生物的影响。在稻谷转化的和高于营养含量的特征的稻草和旱地土壤之间比较了效果。与未处理的对照相比,用稻壳处理的稻壳治疗的地块中的根腐病中的患病率降低。不同治疗之间的土壤化学性质的小差异表明生物因素在抑制疾病中的作用。在两种土壤中,在从用稻壳处理的地块收集的土壤中观察到镰刀菌的最低悬垂生长在5.2mg ha(-1)。结果表明,根腐病的低发病率是由于土壤对经过治疗的旱地土壤致病性真菌的抑制作用。磷脂脂肪酸结果的主要成分分析表明,微生物群落结构的变化导致稻草原土壤抑制性。在稻草转化的土壤中用5.2mg HA(-1)的稻壳和Aphelenchus sp,观察到最小的毒性线虫密度。从地块中收集在F. Solani和C. Destructans上成功培养。该观察结果表明,通过对它们喂养来抑制致病真菌的潜力。结果表明,稻壳可用于控制根腐病,同时促进抑制致病性真菌的有益生物的生长,并且效果可能因土壤型而异。

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