Mammalian phospholipase a(2): phospholipase a(2) receptor.

摘要

The phospholipase A(2) receptor (PLA(2)R) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein related to the C-type animal lectin family such as the mannose receptor. PLA(2)R regulates a variety of biological responses elicited by secretory phospholipase A(2)s (sPLA(2)s). Group IB sPLA(2) acts as an endogenous ligand to induce cell proliferation and lipid mediator production. Analysis of PLA(2)R-deficient mice suggested a potential role of the sPLA(2)-IB/PLA(2)R pathway in the production of proinflammatory cytokines during endotoxic shock. PLA(2)R is also involved in the clearance of sPLA(2)s, especially group X sPLA(2), to protect their exaggerated reactions by potent enzymatic activities. In circulation, the soluble form of PLA(2)R is constitutively present as an endogenous inhibitor for mammalian sPLA(2)s.