A new carotenoid, 5,6-dihydrocrustaxanthin, from prawns and the distribution of yellow xanthophylls in shrimps

摘要

A new yellow carotenoid, named 5,6-dihydrocrustaxanthin (6), was isolated together with five yellow xanthophylls: isoastaxanthin (1), 5,6-dihydropenaeusxanthin (2), penaeusxanthin (3), tetrahydroxypirardixanthin (4), and crustaxanthin (5) from three species of prawns: Marsupenaeus japonicus, Litopenaeus vannamei, and Metapenaeus joyneri, belonging to Penaeidae. The structure of (6) was determined to be (3R,4S,5R,6R,3'R,4'S)-5,6-dihydro-beta,beta-carotene-3,4,3',4'-tetrol by UV-VIS, MS, H-1 NMR, and CD spectral data. Distributions of yellow xanthophylls (1-6) in ten species of shrimps were investigated from a chemo-systematic point of view. Yellow xanthophylls (1-6) were present in only three species of prawns described above, among the ten species of shrimps investigated. Instead of 1-6, luteins and tunxanthins, having the 3-hydroxy-epsilon-end group, were present in other species of shrimps belonging to Penaeidae, Pandalidae, and Palaemonidae.