Lowest-Landau-level vortex structure of a Bose-Einstein condensate rotating in a harmonic plus quartic trap

摘要

We investigate the vortex patterns appearing in a two-dimensional annular Bose-Einstein condensate rotating in a quadratic plus quartic confining potential. We show that in the limit of small anharmonicity the Gross-Pitaevskii energy can be minimized among the lowest-Landau-level wave functions and use this particular form to obtain theoretical results in the spirit of Aftalion et al. [Phys. Rev. A 73, 011601(R) (2006)]. In particular, we show that the vortex pattern is infinite but not uniform. We also compute numerically the complete vortex structure: It is an Abrikosov lattice strongly distorted near the edges of the condensate with multiply quantized vortices appearing at the center of the trap.