Controversies in dealing with small renal masses: how did such a small thing become such a big problem?

摘要

A 66-year-old man is in good health. As a part of a workup for hematuria he was found to have a 2-cm right renal mass. The mass enhanced after contrast from 26 to 46 Hounsfield units (Fig. 1). It was interpreted as consistent with a neoplasm. The mass is anterior and superior. The patient has cysts in both kidneys in addition to the enhancing mass. The contralateral kidney is normal. The patient's renal function is normal. What are the options for this man, and which would be preferable?