The JAMA network journals: New names for the archives journals (Journal of the American Medical Association (2012) 308, 1 (85))

摘要

Preexposure prophylaxis, the treatment of an uninfected person before having sexual contact with an HIV-infected partner, is a widely anticipated advance that should help some people who are not infected with HIV but at high risk of infection to remain uninfected. Preexposure prophylaxis differs from another recent and complementary approach, known as treatment for prevention, which is the treatment of an HIV-infected person with antiretroviral agents to reduce the viral load and infectiousness, and thus the risk of transmission to an uninfected partner.3 Worldwide, about 2.5 million new HIV infections occur each year, primarily in heterosexual adults. Many people with HIV infection who are in ongoing relationships have partners who are not infected, and a substantial number of the new infections occur within such serodiscordant couples.4 In the United States, there are an estimated 50 000 new HIV infections each year, about three-fifths of which occur in men who have sexual contact with men.