Mild and selective Pd-Ar protonolysis and C-H activation promoted by a ligand aryloxide group

摘要

A bidentate nitrogen-donor ligand with an appended phenol group, C5H4NCH=N-2-C6H4OH, H(L1) was treated with a palladium cycloneophyl complex [Pd(CH2CMe2C6H4)(COD)], with both Pd-aryl and Pdalkyl bonds, to give a Pd-alkyl complex, [Pd(CH2CMe2C6H5)(kappa(3)-N, N', O-OC6H4N=CH(2-C5H4N))], 1. The cleavage of the Pd-aryl bond and the deprotonation of the ligand phenol to afford a bound aryloxide, indicates facile Pd-aryl bond protonolysis. Deuterium labelling experiments confirmed that the ligand phenol promotes protonolysis and that the reverse, aryl C-H activation, occurs under very mild reaction conditions (within 10 min at room temperature). An unusual isomerization of the Pd-alkyl complex 1 to a Pd-aryl complex, [Pd(C6H4(2-t-Bu))(kappa(3)-N, N', O-OC6H4N=CH(2-C5H4N))], 2, was observed to give an equilibrium with [2]/[1] = 9 after 5 days in methanol. The isomerization requires that both aryl C-H activation and Pd-alkyl protonolysis steps occur. The very large KIE value (k(H)/k(D) = ca. 40) for isomerization of 1 to 2, suggests a concerted S(E)2-type mechanism for the Pd-alkyl protonolysis step.