Extensive diversity and evolution of hepadnaviruses in bats in China

摘要

Abstract To better understand the evolution of hepadnaviruses, we sampled bats from Guizhou, Henan and Zhejiang provinces, China, and rodents from Zhejiang province. Genetically diverse hepadnaviruses were identified in a broad range of bat species, with an overall prevalence of 13.3%. In contrast, no rodent hepadnaviruses were identified. The newly discovered bat hepadnaviruses fell into two distinct phylogenetic groups. The viruses within the first group exhibited high diversity, with some closely related to viruses previously identified in Yunnan province. Strikingly, the newly discovered viruses sampled from Jiyuan city in the second phylogenetic group were most closely related to those found in bats from West Africa, suggestive of a long-term association between bats and hepadnaviruses. A co-phylogenetic analysis revealed frequent cross-species transmission among bats from different species, genera, and families. Overall, these data suggest that there are likely few barriers to the cross-species transmission of bat hepadnaviruses. Highlights ? Diverse hepadnaviruses are identified in a broad range of bat species in China. ? Some of them were closely related to those previously identified in China. ? The viruses from Jiyuan were most closely related to Gabon bat hepadnaviruses. ? Newly discovered viruses did not clustered by bat species or geographic location. ? Frequent cross-species transmission among different bat species was observed.