Exertional heat illness, exertional rhabdomyolysis, and malignant hyperthermia: is there a link?

摘要

Previously, malignant hyperthermia (MH), exertional heat illness (EHI), and exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER) have been considered related syndromes. However, the current literature regarding this relationship is not extensive. Hopkins stated in a recent article, "there is a link between MH and exertional heat illness," but the nature of this link and the relationship between these events was not enumerated (1). To provide a comprehensive discussion, this review will include publications over a broad period of time to address several questions: 1) Can EHI and ER be pathophysiologically (i.e., mechanistically) linked to MH? Conversely, can MH be mechanistically linked to EHI and ER? 2) What are the appropriate functional and genetic tests to differentiate between MH, EHI, and ER? And 3) When should individuals who suffer from MH, EHI, or ER resume strenuous physical activity?