Cancer genes

摘要

Cancer is a genetic disorder involving dynamic changes in the genome leading to uncontrolled cell growth, ability to invade and metastatize. The genes implicated in cancer include those involved in cell cycle control, apoptosis, DNA repair, ageing and immortalization, angiogenesis and metastasis. The targets of these genes and their role in manifesting the characteristics of the malignant cell are summarized. Literature indicates that nearly all tumours have genetic alterations in multiple cancer genes. Several of the cancer genes and their products are proving to be useful 'tumour markers' and some as targets for cancer therapy. The post-genome era is now directed towards generating molecular portraits of different cancers in individuals so as to be able to provide individualistic treatment options.