p53/PGC-1 alpha-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction promotes PC3 prostate cancer cell apoptosis

摘要

Data for p53 mutation in prostate cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas database revealed that >85% of p53 mutations occurred in the p53 DNA binding domain. These mutations not only severely damage the function of the p53 protein, but also reduce the disease-free survival of patients. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha) is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial function and is highly expressed in prostate cancer PC3 and DU145 cells with p53 deletion or mutation. However, whether p53 negatively regulates PGC-1 alpha in prostate cancer cells remains to be elucidated. In the present study, p53 overexpression was induced in prostate cancer PC3 cells. Subsequently, the expression levels of PGC-1 alpha and alterations to mitochondrial function were assessed. Moreover, PGC-1 alpha was activated in prostate cancer PC3 cells using ZLN005 to investigate alterations to mitochondrial function and cell apoptosis. The present study revealed that p53 decreased the expression and nuclear localization of the PGC-1 alpha protein and induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Activation of PGC-1 alpha partially reversed p53-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. Inhibition of the p53/PGC-1 alpha pathway on mitochondrial biogenesis and fission-/fusion-associated gene and protein expression were associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. p53/PGC-1 alpha-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction promoted apoptosis of PC3 prostate cancer cells. The results indicated that PGC-1 alpha is an essential target of p53-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and indicated that targeting PGC-1 alpha may provide a new therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer.