Biodiesel Preparation from Oil Fraction of Crude Pond Palm Oil through ZrO2/SO3H~+-Catalyzed Esterification Followed by KOH-Catalyzed Transesterification

摘要

The synthesis of biodiesel from crude pond palm oil (CPO) fraction has been performed using ZrO2/SO3 H~+ catalyst. The research was carried out via two processes. First process, i.e. catalyst preparation of ZrO2/VSO3 H~+ was performed through wet impregnation method by mixing 1 g ZrOCl2 8H2O with 15 mL (0.5 M) of H2SO4. The second process, involved the synthesis of biodiesel was performed in 2 stages, namely esterification of crude palm oil fraction catalyzed by ZrO2/SO3 H~+ and transesterification using KOH catalyst. Results showed that ZrO2/SO3 H~+ has been successfully synthesized from ZrOCl2-8H2O and H2SO4 which have been proven by FT-IR and XRD analysis. Biodiesel could be synthesized by esterification catalyzed by ZrO2/SO3H~+ and KOH catalyzed transesterification with 68.96 % conversion. Biodiesel formation is evidenced by the appearance of several peaks corresponding to the peak of methyl palmitate (48.51 %), methyl oleate (46.38 %), methyl stearate (3.84 %), methyl myristate (0.97 %) and methyl laurate (0.3 %). Based on ASTM data, biodiesel can be used as diesel fuel refers to SNI 04-7182-2006.