Editorial Comment: The authors present an analysis of the risk of primary cancer after solid organ transplantation in terms of cumulative incidence, which not only depends on the relative risk of cancer but also takes into account the risk of competing events such as death and graft failure. Assessment of absolute risk may permit identification of possible screening targets in comparison to the nontransplanted population. Of further interest for urological readers is that kidney transplantation is by far the largest contributor to the solid organ transplants cohort, that among the 6 study targeted cancers kidney and prostate cancer (PCa) were considered, and that outcomes of solid organ transplantation have improved in the last few decades.
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