Re: Inadequacy of biopsy for diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma: Implications for conservative management

摘要

Objective: To report changes in grade and stage between initial diagnostic and repeat biopsies or resection for urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and investigate the consequences for endoscopic management. Ureteroscopic management of upper tract UTUC is an alternative to nephroureterectomy, which is less invasive and preserves renal function. However, concerns about potential understaging, inaccurate grading, incomplete resection, lack of effective tertiary chemoprevention, and need for ureteroscopic surveillance limits it appeal.