The role of dorsal striatal D2-like receptors in reversal learning: a reinforcement learning viewpoint.

摘要

Impaired ability to learn from positive and negative feedback in changing environments is associated with some psychiatric disorders, such as parkinsonism, and impulse control disorders, such as drug addiction and obesity. For example, Parkinson's disease (PD) patients learn better from negative feedback when off PD medication, and some medications reverse this bias, resulting in better learning from positive feedback (Frank et al, 2004). The dopaminergic circuitry is the main target of these diseases (Montague et al., 2004). Recently, some neurocomputational models of these diseases have been proposed based on accumulating evidence that dopa-mine neurons encode prediction error, i.e., the difference between the obtained reward or punishment and expected value.