To achieve high power microwave combined with high frequency band, an X-band phase-locked relativistic backward wave oscillator (RBWO) is proposed and investigated theoretically and experimentally using a modulated electron beam. In the device, an overmoded input cavity and a buncher cavity are employed to premodulate the electron beam. Particle-in-cell simulation shows that an input power of 90kW is sufficient to lock the frequency and phase of 1.5GW output microwave with the locking bandwidth of 60 MHz. Moreover, phase and frequency locking of an RBWO has been accomplished experimentally with an output power of 1.5 GW. The fluctuation of the relative phase difference between output microwave and input RF signal is less than +/- 20 degrees with the locking duration of about 50 ns. The input RF power required to lock the oscillator is only 90 kW. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.
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