In this paper, an effective method for fabricating artificial compound-eye structures is demonstrated. The fabrication of high fill factor microlens arrays (MLAs) with sub-wavelength structures (SWSs) on a polycarbonate (PC) substrate involves nanoimprint and thermo-extrusion techniques by using two different scales of nano/micromolds. In addition, the MLAs with SWSs on the PC substrate would be replicated on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) millimeter concave surface by hot-embossing, forming three-level compound-eye structures. The optical properties of these samples are characterized. The transmittances of two-level PC and three-level PMMA compound structures are increased by 2.5% and 2%, and the uniformities are enhanced by 18% and 24%, respectively.
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