The anomalous dispersion of an atomic line filter near a resonant transition is exploited for full-field frequency measurements. The influence of the line shape function on the dispersion in atomic vapors near resonance and the possibilities to increase sensitivity are discussed. From the model-calculated absorption of iodine vapor at frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser wavelengths, the corresponding refractive index is obtained through the Kramers-Kronig relations. Both variables are used to assess the performance of a iodine vapor cell as a dispersive element in an interferometric setup for Doppler frequency shift detection. With good agreement, the predicted sensitivity of the setup is compared to an experimental calibration. Observed discrepancies are attributed to the assumption of a Gaussian line shape in the absorption model. The full-field Doppler frequency measurement capacity of the technique is demonstrated in a rotating disk experiment, and the measurement performance is assessed.
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