Identification of grapevine clone genotypes by microsatellite markers.

摘要

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is one of the most important horticultural crops in the world, as well as in Iran. Some cultivars have been cultivated for thousands of years in different parts of Iran. So, some intra-cultivar mutations may have occurred during these long time periods. Identification of intra-cultivar clonal variation has an important role in grapevine breeding. Some of these clones have agronomically important traits. The present study was designed to identify intra-cultivar genetic diversity using SSR markers, within a group of 42 accessions of 'Askari', 34 accessions of 'Bidane Sefid', 21 accessions of 'Bidane Ghermez' and 10 accessions of 'Khalili', that were collected from different parts of Iran. Identification of genetic diversity between accessions of each cultivar was carried out using 14 SSR markers. Six accessions (3, 21, 31, 44, 46 and 114) of 'Askari' were different from the 36 remaining accessions. Accession no. 46 was identical to accession 114. Forty-two accessions of 'Askari' divided into six clones, five clones with genetic differences and one clone (36 identical accessions) without genetic differences. In 'Bidane Sefid', accessions no. 51, 56, 64, 70, 80, 96, 103 and 33 were different from the remaining 26 identical accessions. Accession 51 (identical to accession no. 70) was one clone. Also, accession 56 (identical with 96 and 33) was one clone. So, 34 accessions of 'Bidane Sefid' were six clones. There were five clones with genetic differences and one clone (26 identical accessions) without genetic differences. In 'Bidane Germez', accessions 57, 66, 76, 79, 81, 83, 84 and 92 were different from 13 identical accessions. Accession 57 (identical with 79 and 81) was one clone and other five genetically different accessions were five different clones. Twenty one accessions of 'Bidane Ghermez' were seven clones. Six clones with genetic differences and one clone (13 identical accessions) without genetic differences. In 'Khalili', accessions 6, 8, 15 and 27 were different from remaining accessions (6 identical accessions). These four different accessions were four clones. So, 10 accessions of 'Khalili' were five clones (four clones with genetic differences) and one clone (six identical accessions) without genetic differences. Results of this study indicated that ancient Iranian cultivars have different clones which are recognizable by SSRs markers. Different clones should be cultivated in similar conditions to find out their potential of production and quality.