Micropropagation of rare transsexual forms of pistacia ( Pistacia terebinthus L.) found in Bulgaria.

摘要

In summer 2002 in the Rhodopes mountains, (Bulgaria) a rare transsexual form of the normally dioecious Pistacia terebinthus was found. Later the existence of a small isolated population of such trees was described. The trees display exceptional drought resistance of the kind which allows cultivation in unirrigated relatively unproductive stony and sliding soils. Tissue culture is a technology that is increasingly being used to propagate species from the Pistacia genus using a variety of techniques. In this research, experiments were set up to optimize propagule multiplication and development using micropropagules induced from embryo cultures of a single genotype. Twelve different nutrient media variations (based on Murashige and Skoog and Driver and Kuniyuki) were established. The effect of varying concentrations of macroelements (100% and 50%), BAP (2.5 micro M or 5.0 micro M), IBA (0.005 or 0.01 micro M) and carbohydrates (30 g L-1 sucrose and glucose used separately) was established. The highest multiplication rate (3.63 microshoots) occurred in the variant containing 50% MS macroelements, 5.0 micro M BAP and 0.01 micro M IBA. Experiments for plantlet rooting were made on nutrient media containing 50% MS macroelements and auxin (IBA) at four rates (0 micro M, 1.0 micro M, 2.5 micro M and 5.0 micro M) were made. Low percentage of root induction - between 6.25% and 12.5% is reported.