Research on germplasm resources and breeding of longan ( Dimocarpus longan Lour.) in the past decade in China.

摘要

This paper reviewed the research on germplasm resources and breeding of longan in the past decade in China. The past decade has seen great progress in the research on germplasm resources and breeding of longan in China. Germplasm resources have been collected and conserved in various ways, such as germplasm bank, plantlet bank in vitro, and cryoconservation, etc; Traditional research technologies such as morphology, palynology, and isozymology, etc. have been improved, molecular markers such as RAPD, ISSR, and AFLP, etc. have become main technologies in taxonomy and genetic relationship. Single seedling selection has been developed into combination of multiple methods such as seedling selection, sports selection, and sexual crossing, and biotechnological breeding, etc. breeding research. Breeding targets which mainly pursued high and stable yield before have been changed into cultivars with early or late ripening, special qualities (high-content sugar, large fruit, aborted seed, and unique flavors, etc.), and high and stable yields. Cultivars have been managed by ways of examination and approval, certification and registration, etc. in local governments departments in main production areas. In addition, urgent problems have been analyzed, and the further directions and foci in future have been proposed in research on germplasm resources and breeding of longan in China.