Construction of two mapping populations and breeding of superior strains of litchi.

摘要

Aiming at genetic mapping and breeding of a new cultivar with extremely early or late season, aborted seed and large-sized fruit, two F₁ populations of 'Ma Gui Li' x 'Jiao he San Yue Hong' (MS) and 'Ma Gui Li' x 'Wu He Li' (MW) were constructed in 1998 and 2003 respectively. By means of comprehensive evaluation of the fruiting individuals, four outstanding strains with good seasonality and excellent fruit qualities were selected, i.e.: (1) 'MS-48', which displayed extremely late season, extra large-sized fruit, high flesh recovery, delicious and with good storability; (2) 'MS-68', which displayed very late season, extra large-sized fruit, relatively high TSS content and good flavor; (3) 'MW-04', which displayed late season, relatively large-sized fruit, very high seed-abortion/seedlessness rate, high flesh recovery and enjoyable flavor; (4) 'MW-37', which displayed high frequency of twins fruit (per single flower), mid-to-late season, high seed-abortion/seedlessness rate, high flesh recovery and very crispy flesh texture. These strains were all new hybrids from severely controlling pollinations and were helpful to improve litchi variety structure and prolong the fresh fruit supplying period in China.