Approaches to reform of insolvent agricultural enterprises in the Penza province.

摘要

Seven basic principles can be applied to reform of insolvent farms in the Penza province. Such reform should have official regional policy status, include selection and placement of management personnel, halt the decline in production potential, regularise links between corporate and private sectors, have a social character, promote emergence from deficit, and be based on effective methods. It should be accompanied by constant monitoring. So far 379 enterprises in the province have been classifiedaccording to their financial position: 12 as prosperous, 72 as temporarily insolvent, 137 as weak but with development potential, 104 as bankrupt, and 54 as lacking all prospects. Practical approaches used include renting-out to solvent enterprises, creation of cooperatives to serve the subsidiary smallholder, creation of municipal enterprises for the same purpose, liquidation and creation of new replacement enterprises, creation of affiliates, reforming as tenanted private farms, and reforming as affiliates of stronger organizations. All of these have had some degree of success, though not without some difficulties, notably shortage of working funds. Benefits have included maintained livestock numbers and increased productivity, better labour discipline, and greater worker motivation.