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Evaluations of emitter clogging in drip irrigation by two-phase flow simulations and laboratory experiments

机译:通过两相流模拟和实验室实验评估滴灌中的喷头堵塞

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摘要

Emitter clogging will affect greatly the irrigation efficiency and the running cost of a drip irrigation system. If there is an effective method to predict the emitter clogging, the lost will be reduced to a minimum. A solid-liquid two-phase turbulent model describing the flow within drip emitters was studied. Then, the moving trace and depositing feature of suspending solids in emitter channels were obtained by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on the turbulent model established, which provided some visual and direct evidences for predicting the clogging performance of drip emitters. The three types of emitters with novel channel form, including eddy drip-arrows, pre-depositing drippers and round-flow drip-tapes, developed by us were used in this study. The simulation results showed that the solids moved along a helical path in the eddy drip-arrow, but no obvious deposition existed in its interior channel. In the pre-depositing dripper, some solids concentrated in the parts of ''depositing pones''. In the round-flow drip-tape, a small number of solids adhered to the out-edges of every channel corner, which was a potential factor for the occurrence of emitter clogging. To verify the predictions from the CFD simulations, series of ''short-cycle'' clogging tests for the three emitters were conducted in laboratory. The statistical data of discharge variation caused by emitter clogging were in good agreement with the two-phase flow CFD simulations.
机译:滴头堵塞将极大地影响滴灌系统的灌溉效率和运行成本。如果有一种有效的方法来预测发射器堵塞,则损失将减少到最小。研究了描述滴头内流动的固液两相湍流模型。然后,基于所建立的湍流模型,通过计算流体动力学(CFD)获得了在发射器通道中悬浮固体的运动轨迹和沉积特征,这为预测滴灌器的堵塞性能提供了一些直观的证据。这项研究使用了我们开发的三种新型通道形式的发射器,包括涡流滴头,预沉积滴头和圆流滴头。模拟结果表明,固体在涡流滴流箭头中沿螺旋路径运动,但在其内部通道中没有明显的沉积。在预沉积滴头中,一些固体集中在“沉积绒头”部分。在圆流式滴灌带中,少量固体附着在每个通道拐角的边缘,这是造成发射极堵塞的潜在因素。为了验证CFD模拟的预测,在实验室中对三个排放源进行了一系列的“短周期”堵塞测试。由发射器堵塞引起的排放变化的统计数据与两相流CFD模拟非常吻合。

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