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Field Evaluation Of Emitter Clogging In Subsurface Drip Irrigation Systems

机译:地下滴灌系统中发射器堵塞的现场评估

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Emitter clogging in subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) systems is affected by many physical, chemical, and biological factors, but field evaluation on emitter performance under varying clogging conditions is still lacking. Field evaluations were conducted on the SDI installations in a solar-heated greenhouse applied to tomato to investigate the effects of fertigation, dripline depth, andlayered-textural soil on emitter clogging. These installations, which had been operated for two years, included 33 experimental plots with dripline depths of 0, 15, and 30 cm, total number of fertigation events varied from 0 to 19, and total amount of urea fertigated varied from 0 to 1023 kg/hm~2. Field evaluation demonstrated that, averaged for all the plots, 2.7% ofthe emitters can be declared to be clogged with discharge reduced more than 25%, and 2.1% of the emitters were completely clogged. No significant influence of total number of fertigation events and fertilizer applied as well as layered textural soil structure on emitter clogging was observed, but a slightly greater discharge reduction resulting from clogging was found for surface drip irrigation plots than for subsurface drip irrigation plots. No emitter clogging caused by root intrusion was detected. An investigation on the distributions of clogged emitters in the systems revealed that most clogged emitters occurred at the terminals of the laterals. To quantitatively evaluate the effects of emitter clogging on the uniformity of water application, thecoefficient of variation for emitter discharge (CV) was related to discharge reduction percentage (Rq), showing that CV increased linearly with an increasing R_q resulting from clogging,
机译:发射机,地下滴灌堵塞(SDI)系统是由许多物理,化学和生物因素,但现场评估对不同堵塞条件下的发射器性能的影响仍然缺乏。字段评价是在一个太阳能加热的温室的SDI装置进行应用到施肥,滴灌管深度的番茄调查的影响,andlayered-纹理土壤上发射堵塞。这些装置,已被两年操作,包括33块具有0滴灌管深处,15,和30厘米,改变从0到19灌溉施肥的事件的总数,和脲的总量试验田从0到1023公斤fertigated改变/ HM〜2。字段评价,结果证实,平均化所有的地块,2.7%的发射器国税发可以声明与放电堵塞降低超过25%,并且发射器的2.1%被完全堵塞。如观察到对器堵塞层状纹理土壤结构,但是从堵塞导致稍大的放电减少被发现的比地下滴灌地块表面滴灌施肥重复事件和肥料的总数没有影响显著施加为好。未检测到引起根侵入灌水器堵塞。在该系统堵塞灌水器的分布进行调查后发现,大部分堵塞灌水发生在支管的终端。为了定量地评估器堵塞的水应用中,对于发射极放电(CV)变异thecoefficient的均匀性的影响是有关放电减少的百分比(RQ),显示出CV具有增加R_q从堵塞导致线性增加,

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