The relationship of cholesterol (CHO) and triglycerides (TG) in VLDL, LDL, and VLDL subfractions by agarose gel electrophoresis, using CHO and TG dual staining (AG-CHO, TG staining)

摘要

The measurement of CHO and TG concentrations in three lipoprotein subfractions (VLDL, LDL, and HDL) are useful to estimate qualitative change of lipoproteins. This method, CHO and TG dual staining using agarose gel electrophoresis (AG-CHO, TG staining), is conventional and the results correlated highly with ultracentrifugation. Using this method, we measured CHO and TG concentrations of VLDL, LDL, and HDL subfractions in 244 patients after an overnight fast. All cases were stratified to 4 groups, normolipidemia (LDL-CHO < 160 mg/dl, sTG < 150 mg/dl, n = 111), type IIa(n = 34), IIb(n = 39), and IV(n = 36), according to hyperlipidemia types. Furthermore, normolipidemia with low HDL cases (HDL-CHO < 45 mg/dl, n = 24) distinguished from HDL-CHO > or = 45 mg/dl, normolipidemia cases(n = 111). Between serum TCHO and LDL-CHO, serum TG and VLDL-CHO, TG showed positive correlation(n = 0.895, 0.971), particularly serum TG and VLDL-TG showed strong positive in all lipidemia types. However, serum TG and VLDL-CHO was strongly positive in type IIb and IV(r = 0.825, 0.823), but weakly positive in type IIa(r = 0.459). HDL-CHO showed no correlation with sTCHO and sTG. The correlation of CHO and TG with each subfraction was strongly positive in VLDL(r = 0.910), weakly positive(r = 0.49) in LDL, and showed the no correlation in HDL in all cases. These correlation varied in lipidemia types, IIb and IV were strongly positive(r = 0.886, 0.838) in VLDL subfraction, but nomolipidemia cases(r = 0.555) showed significant weaker correlation(p < 0.0001). In the LDL subfraction, IIb and IV showed no correlation(r = 0.009, 0.163) between CHO and TG. The CHO/TG ratio of three subfractions were widely distributed, and type IIb and IV distributed to lower range than normolipidemia and/or type IIa lipidemia in three subfractions. From these results, dual measurement of LDL-CHO and LDL-TG are useful to estimate qualitative change in the LDL subfraction. For instance, in high LDL-CHO or LDL-TG with low CHO/TG cases, we could suspect the presence of IDL-rich particles in the LDL subfraction or small particle LDL cases. HDL-CHO and CHO/TG show positive(r = 0.714), HDL-CHO and VLDL-TG, VLDL-CHO showed weakly negative correlations(r = 0.500, 0.487), showing that high HDL-CHO level cases tended to have a CHO rich, and low VLDL-TG concentration. These results indicated that qualitative change in lipoproteins could be clarified by measurement of the TG concentration, in addition to CHO concentrations in three subfractions. We conclude that AG-CHO, TG staining method is useful for diagnosis and monitoring of dyslipidemia.