A Gerundive Approach to Present Participle

摘要

Gerund was originally an abstract noun, while present participle originatd from a verbal adjective. In Modern English the former functions as a noun and the latter still has adjectival characteristics. Therefore, generally we can easily distinguish the two, but there are some intermediate -ing forms between them. This paper is an attempt to investigate such -ing forms and to find what they means to us.