Nemoral forests in the North-West of European Russia. II. Types of lime, maple, ash and elm forests.

摘要

The types of oak forests were discussed in a previous contribution. In this publication we describe plant associations with other nemoral tree species dominating in the tree layer: Tilia, Acer, Ulmus and Fraxinus. They occur all over the territory of the North-West except for the middle boreal zone in the Leningrad region, but never form a significant part of the vegetation cover. They occupy sites in floodplains, on slopes of moraine hills, on the lake beaches. Eight associations of these forestswere distinguished separately for each dominant tree species, since they occur in different stands mainly.