Physiological and biochemical characterization of sheepgrass (Leymus chinensis) reveals insights into photosynthetic apparatus coping with low-phosphate stress conditions

摘要

Sheepgrass [Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel] is a valuble forage plant highly significant to regional grassland productivity of Euro-Asia steppes. Although effects of environmental stress including drought have been studied, impact of nutrient deficiency in particular phosphate (Pi), one of the essential macronutrient, is not reported. Here, we investigated low-Pi effect on its photosynthetic apparatus via physiological and biochemical analysis. We show that PSII activity was significantly reduced based on chlorophyll fluorescence measurements. We observed decreased amount of core proteins of PSII by immunoblot analysis. Further analysis of thylakoid membranes using 2D-BN/SDS-PAGE and immunoblot detection demonstrated that the amount of PSII complexes was closely correlated with the Pi levels within the range. Together with reduced number of thylakoid grana stackings observed, we suggest that the maintenance of PSII is impaired under Pi-limited condition. Moreover, enzyme activity assays revealed that the activity of several ROS scavenger enzymes was stimulated by low-Pi treatment. Based on these experimental results we conclude that PSII is the component of photosynthetic apparatus most sensitive to Pi supply and the enhanced anti-ROS activity is mainly subjective to protection of PSII against low Pi-induced photo-oxidative stress in the organism.