Near infrared spectral studies of aqueous solutions of metal perchlorates in groups IA, IIA, IIB, IIIA and III B of the Periodic Table

摘要

Chemometrics of NIR spectra of aqueous salt solutions M(ClO_4)_n, where M~(n+): Li~+, Na~+, Mg~(2+), Ca~(2+), Sr~(2+), Ba~(2+), Zn~(2+), Cd~(2+), Al~(3+), Ga~(3+), In~(3+), Sc~(3+), Y~(3+), La~(3+) were used to establish the effect of the cation nature on the structure of aqueous electrolytes solutions. Principal component analysis showed that near infrared (NIR) spectra of the systems under study are grouped into clusters. It was found that the values of the eutectic concentrations of aqueous salt solutions and the polarising powers of cations correlate. The combined use of NIR spectroscopy, chemometrics of the spectral data and a generalised phenomenological model of the structure of aqueous electrolytes solutions is a new approach to studying of the structure of concentrated solutions.