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Current and quasi-probability phase-space distributions

机译:当前和准概率相空间分布

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Quantum mechanical current has many features in common with classical current, but sometimes its behaviour is unusual and leads to many interesting peculiarities as has been noted by many authors. We show that many peculiarities often occur for wave functions that exhibit multiple trajectories or regions in phase space. Such wave functions have been called 'multi-part' wave functions and the trajectories are the quantum currents of each part. We contrast the behaviour of quantum current with classic current, and we pinpoint some of the curiosities. We argue and show that, in general, multi-part wave functions produce highly oscillating currents, which in itself is not peculiar, but what is peculiar is that the current can range outside the range of the momentum wave function in a variety of different situations. However, we also show that for some multi-part wave functions, the quantum mechanical current is not peculiar and is totally consistent with what one would expect for classical currents. We give the conditions for which this occurs, which are very restrictive. We also explore the interpretation of quantum mechanical current as a first conditional moment of a quantum quasi distribution, and contrast it with the conditional moment that is obtained from a classical phase-space distribution. We explore, for both the classical and quantum case, the relationship of the range of the current with the range of the momentum distribution function. We further show that for windowed type distributions something interesting happens, in that it is possible to choose a window which yields a classical type result, namely, such that the total current for a multi-part wave function is a weighted average of the currents corresponding to each part. We give the conditions for when this is the case.
机译:量子机械电流具有与经典电流相同的许多特征,但有时其行为是不寻常的,并导致许多有趣的特性,正如许多作者所指出的那样。我们显示出,对于在相空间中展现出多个轨迹或区域的波函数,经常会发生许多特殊性。这种波函数被称为“多部分”波函数,其轨迹是每个部分的量子电流。我们将量子电流的行为与经典电流进行对比,并指出了一些好奇心。我们争论并表明,一般来说,多部分波函数会产生高振荡电流,这本身并不奇怪,但奇怪的是,在各种不同情况下,电流的范围可能超出了动量波函数的范围。但是,我们还表明,对于某些多部分波函数,量子力学电流不是奇特的,并且与人们对经典电流的期望完全一致。我们给出了发生这种情况的条件,这些条件非常严格。我们还探索了将量子机械电流解释为量子准分布的第一条件矩,并将其与从经典相空间分布中获得的条件矩进行对比。对于经典和量子情况,我们都研究了电流范围与动量分布函数范围之间的关系。我们进一步表明,对于窗口类型分布,发生了一些有趣的事情,因为可以选择一个产生经典类型结果的窗口,即,使得多部分波函数的总电流是相应电流的加权平均值。每个部分。我们给出了这种情况的条件。

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