Two-CCD binocular stereo vision systems using pinhole model are attracting research interest in many important fields such as 3-D coordinate measurement. However, new system modeling is difficult because of lack of fundamental imaging formation theory. In this paper, in order to measure a 3-D surface, we demonstrate how a binocular stereo vision system can be modeled by the proposed skew ray tracing method to study the geometric relations between the binocular camera images and the 3-D surface. In order to investigate the overall accuracy and resolution of this system, the influence of infinitesimal camera reading errors on measured coordinate errors is determined by sensitivity analysis. Experimental verification demonstrates that the performance of the proposed system is excellent.
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