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Mass releases of Trichogramma ostriniae increase maize production in DPR Korea

机译:朝鲜赤眼衣原体的大量释放增加了朝鲜民主主义人民共和国的玉米产量

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摘要

Field-scale experiments were conducted in 2005 and 2006 on three cooperative farms in DPR Korea to evaluate the potential of Trichogramma ostriniae releases to reduce tunnel damage of maize plants caused by the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, and increase grain maize production. When released three times against the first generation of the pest at nominal densities of about 150 000 parasitoids/ha each and another two times against the second generation (in total 750 000 parasitoids/ha), significant effects on all assessed parameters were obtained. In the release plots, a mean parasitism rate of 61% was found, significantly different from the 21.8% found in non-release (control) plots. Furthermore, the number of larvae was significantly reduced in release plots compared to control plots by 63.5% over all farms and both study years. Feeding tunnels caused by the Asian corn borer were reduced in length in the release plots by 64.1%. Finally, we found that fresh yield of maize ears was significantly higher in the release plots compared to control plots. For all farms and both years, the increase in fresh yield was 28.2%. In this paper we are for the first time presenting data in an international journal on the effect of Trichogramma releases on maize production in DPRK. Although T. ostriniae releases at high host densities observed in the present study were not able to completely suppress damage by the Asian corn borer, the yield increase of more than 1 ton/ha indicate that T. ostriniae releases may contribute significantly to stabilize the country's maize production as well as support community efforts to avoid reversion into a food emergency situation.
机译:2005年和2006年,在朝鲜民主主义人民共和国的三个合作农场进行了实地规模的试验,以评估澳洲毛线虫的释放潜力,以减少亚洲玉米bore,玉米rin(Ostrinia furnacalis)对玉米植株的隧道害,并增加谷物玉米的产量。当以名义密度分别约150 000寄生虫/公顷对第一代害虫释放3次,对第二代有害生物释放两次(总计750 000寄生虫/公顷)时,对所有评估参数产生了显着影响。在释放区中,发现平均寄生率为61%,与在非释放区(对照区)中发现的21.8%明显不同。此外,在所有农场和两个研究年中,与对照样地相比,释放样地中的幼虫数量均明显减少了63.5%。由亚洲玉米caused造成的喂食通道在释放区的长度减少了64.1%。最后,我们发现在释放区比对照区玉米穗的新鲜产量明显更高。对于所有农场和这两个年份,新鲜产量的增长为28.2%。在本文中,我们首次在国际期刊上发表有关赤眼蜂释放对朝鲜玉米生产的影响的数据。尽管在本研究中观察到的高寄主密度的os曲霉释放不能完全抑制亚洲玉米bore的危害,但单产增加超过1吨/公顷表明T曲霉的释放可能显着有助于稳定该国的玉米生产,并支持社区为避免陷入粮食紧急情况而做出的努力。

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