The tale of 2 trials: Disentangling contradictory evidence on hypertonic saline for acute bronchiolitis

摘要

For pediatricians looking for answers on how best to provide treatment for their patients, nothing can be more frustrating than 2 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with contradictory results. It may encourage nihilism and a throwing up of one's hands, thinking clinical researchers have no idea what they are doing by producing data and gaining publications but not shedding light on the tough management issues that pediatricians face day to day. These 2 RCTs on the use of nebulized hypertonic saline for the management of bronchiolitis could potentially lead practitioners to despair in this way. One RCT indicates that hypertonic saline is very helpful, can improve a patient's condition clinically, and can lead to reduced hospitalizations. The other RCT comes to the opposite conclusion. Yet ultimately, pediatricians need some guidance as to what to do with the next patient with bronchiolitis whom they will assess and provide with treatment.