Lipopolysaccharides, cytokines, and nitric oxide affect secretion of prostaglandins and leukotrienes by bovine mammary gland during experimentally induced mastitis in vivo and in vitro

摘要

The aim of the study was to determine the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interleukin-1-alpha (IL-1 alpha), and nitric oxide donor (NONOate) on both in vivo and in vitro secretion of prostaglandin (PG)E-2, PGF(2 alpha), leukotriene (LT)B-4, and LTC4 by the bovine mammary gland. In the first experiment, tissues isolated from the teat cavity and lactiferous sinus were treated in vitro with LPS (10 ng/mL), TNF (10 ng/mL), IL-1 alpha (10 ng/mL), NONOate (10(-4) M), and the combination of TNF + IL-1 alpha + NONOate for 4 or 8 h. PGE(2) or PGF(2 alpha) secretion was stimulated by all treatments (P 0.05) excepting NONOate alone, which did not stimulate PGF(2 alpha) secretion. Moreover, all factors increased LTB4 and LTC4 secretion (P 0.05). In the second experiment, mastitis was experimentally mimicked in vivo by repeated (12 h apart) intramammary infusions (5 mL) of (1) sterile saline; (2) 250-mu g LPS; (3) 1-mu g/mL TNF; (4) 1-mu g/mL IL-1 alpha; (5) 12.8-mu g/mL NONOate; and (6) TNF + IL-1 alpha + NONOate into 2 udder quarters. All infused factors changed PGE(2), 13,14-dihydro,15-keto-PGF(2 alpha), and LT concentrations in blood plasma collected from the caudal vena cava, the caudal superficial epigastric (milk) vein, the jugular vein, and the abdominal aorta (P 0.05). In summary, LPS and other inflammatory mastitis mediators modulate PG and LT secretion by bovine mammary gland in both in vivo and in vitro studies. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.