Investigation of the response of materials to loading, that is, the dependence of the stress o in a sample on its relative strain e, goes back to G.V. Leibnitz (see his letter to J. Bernoulli in 1690 [1]). Since Hooke's work [2] in 1687, materials used in industry and building are characterized in the low-strain range by the linear load function (stress-strain relationship) called Hooke's law.
展开▼
