Potatoes, tomatoes, and solanine toxicity (Solanum tuberosum L., Solanum lycopersicum L.).

摘要

The Inca people first cultivated the potato in the Altiplano of the High Andes of Chile during prehistoric times.Spanish explorers brought the potato to Europe near the end of the 16th century. Although initially considered "peasant food," the cultivation of the potato spread across Europe including continental Europe, Britain, and Ireland. By 1780, the potato became a staple crop in Ireland. Although cultivation of the potato contributed to the rapid expansion of the Irish population between 1750 and 1850, a famine began in the late 1840s as a result of a fungal-induced potato blight [Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary]. During The Great Hunger in Ireland between 1845 and 1852, approximately one million deaths occurred along with the migration of 1.5 million people.1 The creation of new transgenic potato cultivars with increased resistance against phytopathogens and improved composition of nutrients is an area of active research.