Prevalence of comorbid depression is high in out-patients with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results from three out-patient clinics in the Netherlands

摘要

Aims Depression is common in diabetes, but the scope of the problem and associated correlates are not well established in specialist diabetes care. We aimed to determine the prevalence of depression among adult outpatients with Type 1 (T1DM) or Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) using both self-report measures and a diagnostic interview, and to establish demographic and clinical characteristics associated with depressive affect.Methods A random sample of 2055 diabetes out-patients from three diabetes clinics was invited to participate. Depressive affect was assessed using the World Health Organization-5 Well Being Index (WHO-5), the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CESD) using predefined cut-off scores, and depressive disorder with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Associations between depression and patient characteristics were explored using regression analyses.