A vaccinia virus renaissance New vaccine and immunotherapeutic uses after smallpox eradication

摘要

A number of second-generation vaccines have been developed focusing on sterile cell culture techniques for vaccine propagation (Table 1). For example, the Elstree-BN vaccine developed by Bavarian Nordic was grown in chick embryo fibroblasts,7 and the cell-cultured smallpox vaccine (CCSV) developed by DynPort Vaccine Company was derived from the NYCBH strain grown on normal diploid MRC-5 human lung cell cultures.8 Similarly, Acambis (now part of Sanofi Pasteur) isolated a single clone derived from the Dryvax vaccine that was grown in Vero cells and named ACAM20Q0.9 ACAM2000 was less neurovirulent than Dryvax in mice and nonhuman primates,10 provided equivalent immunogenicity in clinical trials,11 and was licensed in 2007 in the US.