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Optimizing sweetpotato production for fresh and processing markets through plant spacing and planting-harvest time.

机译:通过植物间距和种植时间来优化新鲜市场和加工市场的甘薯生产。

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摘要

Consumption of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) has increased in the past decade in part because of its nutritional and health attributes, and because of the availability and convenience of processed products. The sweetpotato processing industry is expanding and supplying more sweetpotato products than ever before. Unlike the medium-sized roots (U.S. no.1) preferred for fresh market, large (jumbo) roots is accepted and in certain cases desired by the processing industry, and overall yield is preferred over strict sizing requirements and aesthetic appeal. Therefore, this study investigated the yield increase and grade proportions in response to plant spacing and extension of the growing period to improve profitability of the production system. Experiments with 'Beauregard' and 'Evangeline' sweetpotato were conducted in Mississippi and Louisiana during 2010 and 2011. Treatments consisted of a combination of early and late planting date and delay in harvest, in-row plant spacing, and row width. Yield increase was inconsistent with delaying harvest and appears to depend on environmental conditions at harvest late in the season. Marketable yield was consistently greater in early plantings than late plantings. Yield of U.S. no.1 grade was unaffected by delaying harvest regardless of planting date. Delaying harvest in early plantings contributed to increase jumbo-sized roots and marketable yield. The economic assessment of delaying harvest in early plantings indicated a gain in net benefit either when hand harvested for fresh market or field run bulk harvested for processing. Row width and in-row plant spacing had only a marginal effect on yield of canner grade (small-sized roots). The economic assessment of changing plant density indicated no gain in net benefit, which indicates that choice of plant density can depend on other factors.
机译:在过去的十年中,甘薯(番薯)的消费有所增加,部分原因是其营养和健康特性,以及加工产品的可用性和便利性。甘薯加工行业正在扩展,并提供比以往更多的甘薯产品。与新鲜市场首选的中型根茎(美国1号)不同,大根茎(巨型)被接受,并且在某些情况下是加工行业所希望的,并且总产量比严格的上浆要求和美学吸引力更可取。因此,本研究调查了响应于植物间距和生育期延长的产量增加和品位比例,以提高生产系统的盈利能力。在2010年至2011年期间,在密西西比州和路易斯安那州进行了'Beauregard'和'Evangeline'甘薯的试验。处理方法包括早播和晚播,延误收获,行内行距和行宽。增产与推迟收获并不一致,并且似乎取决于季节后期收获时的环境条件。在播种初期,可销售的产量始终高于播种后期。无论种植日期如何,美国1级小麦的产量都不会因推迟收获而受到影响。提前播种推迟收成有助于增加大尺寸的根和适销对路的产量。对早期播种延迟收获的经济评估表明,无论是为新鲜市场进行人工收获还是为加工而进行的田间大批量收获,净收益都有所增加。行宽和行内植物间距对罐头等级(小根)的产量仅具有边际影响。改变植物密度的经济评估表明净收益没有增加,这表明植物密度的选择可能取决于其他因素。

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