Level of Community Participation and Sustainability of Forestation Project in Indigent Area - A Case Study of Community-based Reforestation Projects in Hainan Province, China

摘要

For the last two decades, the concept of "participation" has been widely used in the discourse of development. Experiences of community-based reforestation in the third world were proved to be successful, especially projects with target groups in indigent areas. Through participation, capacity and ownership of the community would be built. By increasing participation of communities, the level of transparency and accountability for the project would be raised. The sustainability of development project could be achieved. Through a comparative case study of two community-based reforestation projects in Hainan Province, China, this report focuses on study of the levels of community participation, top-down, community-oriented, community-based, to community-managed, and the implication to project sustainability.